Fowler flaps are a type of high-lift device used on aircraft wings to improve lift during takeoff and landing. They work by extending and sliding backward, increasing the wing's surface area and changing its shape. This allows the aircraft to generate more lift at lower speeds, which is crucial for safe operations during critical phases of flight. When deployed, Fowler flaps also enhance the airflow over the wing, delaying airflow separation and reducing the risk of stalling. This feature is particularly beneficial for larger aircraft, enabling them to operate safely from shorter runways and in various weather conditions.