The "Formal Operational" stage is the fourth and final stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, typically beginning around age 12. In this stage, individuals develop the ability to think abstractly, reason logically, and use deductive reasoning. They can solve complex problems and understand hypothetical situations, moving beyond concrete experiences. During the Formal Operational stage, adolescents can formulate and test hypotheses, allowing for scientific thinking. They can also consider multiple perspectives and think about future possibilities, which enhances their decision-making skills. This cognitive advancement is crucial for academic success and personal development.