The Freedom of Information Act, commonly known as FOIA, is a U.S. law that allows the public to request access to records from any federal agency. It was enacted in 1966 to promote transparency and accountability in government by enabling citizens to obtain information about government activities and decisions. Under FOIA, federal agencies are required to respond to requests within a specific timeframe, usually 20 business days. Certain exemptions exist, such as national security and personal privacy, which may prevent the release of specific documents. Overall, FOIA serves as a vital tool for journalists, researchers, and the public to hold the government accountable.