Fluorescent lamps are a type of lighting that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor, producing ultraviolet light. This ultraviolet light then interacts with a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp, which emits visible light. They are commonly used in homes, offices, and schools due to their energy efficiency and long lifespan compared to traditional incandescent bulbs. These lamps come in various shapes and sizes, including tubes and compact designs. Fluorescent lamps consume less energy, making them an environmentally friendly choice. However, they contain small amounts of mercury, which requires careful disposal to prevent environmental contamination.