The "First Book of Samuel" is a book in the Old Testament of the Bible that narrates the transition of Israel from a confederation of tribes to a monarchy. It introduces key figures such as Samuel, a prophet and judge, who anoints the first king of Israel, Saul. The book explores themes of leadership, divine guidance, and the challenges of governance. As the story unfolds, it highlights the rise of David, who becomes a central character. The book details David's early life, his relationship with Saul, and the conflicts that arise as David is chosen by God to succeed Saul.