Filtration processes are methods used to separate solid particles from liquids or gases. This is typically achieved by passing the mixture through a filter medium, which allows the fluid to pass while trapping the solid particles. Common examples include using a coffee filter to separate coffee grounds from brewed coffee or a water filter to remove impurities from drinking water. There are various types of filtration, including mechanical filtration, biological filtration, and chemical filtration. Each type employs different techniques and materials, such as membranes, sand, or activated carbon, to achieve effective separation based on the specific needs of the application.