Fillings are materials used to restore the function and shape of a tooth that has been damaged by decay or injury. Common types of fillings include amalgam, composite resin, ceramic, and gold. Each type has its own advantages, such as durability, appearance, and cost, allowing dentists to choose the best option for each patient. The process of getting a filling typically involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth, cleaning the area, and then placing the filling material. This helps prevent further decay and restores the tooth's structure, allowing for normal chewing and biting functions.