File operations refer to the various actions that can be performed on files within a computer system. These operations typically include creating, reading, writing, and deleting files. Each operation allows users and programs to manage data stored on devices, ensuring that information can be accessed and modified as needed. In programming, file operations are often handled through specific functions or methods provided by languages like Python, Java, or C++. These functions enable developers to interact with files easily, allowing them to store user data, log information, or retrieve necessary content for applications. Proper handling of file operations is essential for data integrity and efficient resource management.