Females are one of the two primary biological sexes in many species, including humans. They typically have two X chromosomes and are characterized by reproductive systems that include structures such as ovaries and a uterus. In humans, females usually undergo processes like menstruation and pregnancy, which are part of their reproductive cycle. In addition to biological aspects, females often play significant roles in social and cultural contexts. They can be found in various professions and leadership positions, contributing to fields such as science, art, and politics. The study of females encompasses areas like gender studies and feminism, which explore their rights and societal roles.