Federal states are political entities where power is divided between a central government and various regional governments. This structure allows different regions to maintain some degree of autonomy while still being part of a larger nation. Examples of federal states include the United States, Germany, and Canada. In a federal system, the constitution typically outlines the distribution of powers and responsibilities. Each level of government has its own authority, which can include areas like education, transportation, and law enforcement. This arrangement helps accommodate diverse populations and regional interests within a unified framework.