A federal government is a system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and smaller political units, such as states or provinces. This structure allows for a balance of power, enabling local governments to manage regional issues while the central government handles national matters. Countries like the United States and Canada operate under federal systems. In a federal government, each level has its own responsibilities and can create laws relevant to its jurisdiction. This division helps accommodate diverse populations and regional needs, promoting local governance while maintaining a unified national policy.