Feathers are specialized structures found in birds, primarily made of a protein called keratin. They serve various functions, including flight, display, and insulation. The unique structure of feathers traps air, providing a layer of warmth that helps birds maintain their body temperature in cold environments. Insulation is crucial for many animals, including birds, as it helps reduce heat loss. In addition to feathers, some birds have down feathers, which are softer and fluffier, enhancing their insulating properties. This adaptation allows birds to thrive in diverse climates, from the frigid Arctic to temperate regions.