The Fano plane is a simple geometric structure in projective geometry, consisting of seven points and seven lines. Each line connects three points, and each point lies on exactly three lines. It is the smallest finite projective plane and serves as a foundational example in combinatorial design and graph theory. This configuration can be visualized as a triangle with a point in the center, where the vertices represent points and the sides represent lines. The Fano plane is named after the Italian mathematician Gino Fano, who studied its properties in the early 20th century, highlighting its significance in various mathematical fields.