The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) is a federal law enacted in 1977 to protect consumers from abusive debt collection practices. It sets guidelines for how debt collectors can communicate with individuals, ensuring they do not use deceptive, unfair, or harassing tactics. The law applies to personal debts, such as credit cards and medical bills, but not to business debts. Under the FDCPA, consumers have the right to request verification of their debts and to dispute any inaccuracies. Debt collectors must also provide their name, the name of the creditor, and inform consumers of their rights. Violations of the FDCPA can lead to legal action against the collector.