A "factor" is a number that divides another number evenly, meaning there is no remainder. For example, in the number 12, the factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, since each of these numbers can multiply with another factor to produce 12. Factors are important in mathematics for simplifying fractions and finding common denominators. In addition to numbers, the term "factor" can also refer to elements that contribute to a particular outcome or situation. For instance, in health, factors such as diet, exercise, and genetics can influence a person's well-being. Understanding these factors helps in making informed decisions for improvement.