A "fact" is a statement that can be proven true or false based on evidence. For example, saying that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level is a fact because it can be tested and verified. Facts are important in science, history, and everyday life because they help us understand the world around us. In contrast to opinions, which are personal beliefs or feelings, facts remain constant regardless of individual perspectives. For instance, the statement that the Earth orbits the Sun is a fact supported by scientific research. Understanding facts helps us make informed decisions and engage in meaningful discussions.