Experimental studies are research methods used to test hypotheses by manipulating variables in a controlled environment. Researchers typically divide participants into groups, such as a control group and an experimental group, to observe the effects of specific interventions or treatments. This approach helps establish cause-and-effect relationships. In these studies, researchers carefully design their experiments to minimize biases and confounding factors. They often use random assignment to ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being placed in any group. This enhances the reliability of the results and allows for more accurate conclusions about the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable.