Exoplanet classification refers to the categorization of planets outside our solar system based on their characteristics. These classifications often include factors such as size, composition, and distance from their host star. Common categories include gas giants, like Jupiter, and rocky planets, similar to Earth. Scientists use various methods to identify and classify exoplanets, including the transit method and radial velocity method. These techniques help determine a planet's mass, radius, and orbital period, allowing researchers to better understand the diversity of planetary systems in the universe.