An "exemption" refers to a situation where an individual or entity is freed from a general obligation or rule. This can apply in various contexts, such as tax laws, where certain individuals or organizations may not have to pay specific taxes due to their status or activities. For example, non-profit organizations often receive tax exemptions to support their charitable work. Exemptions can also occur in legal contexts, where a person may be excused from certain legal requirements or penalties. For instance, students may receive exemptions from certain fees or requirements based on their academic performance or financial need.