The term "Exclusive Or" (often abbreviated as XOR) is a logical operation that outputs true only when the inputs differ. In simpler terms, if one input is true and the other is false, the result is true. However, if both inputs are true or both are false, the result is false. This operation is commonly used in computer science and digital electronics. In binary terms, XOR can be represented as follows: 0 XOR 0 equals 0, 0 XOR 1 equals 1, 1 XOR 0 equals 1, and 1 XOR 1 equals 0. The XOR operation is essential in various applications, including error detection and correction, cryptography, and digital circuit design, where it helps in creating complex logical functions.