The term "Exchequer" refers to a government department responsible for managing a country's finances, including revenue collection and expenditure. In the United Kingdom, the Exchequer is part of the Treasury and oversees the national budget, taxation, and public spending. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the economic stability of the nation. Historically, the Exchequer dates back to the medieval period, where it was originally a court for financial matters. The name comes from the checkered cloth used on tables to count money. Today, it continues to be vital in shaping fiscal policy and managing public funds.