Excavation support refers to the methods and structures used to stabilize the ground during excavation work. This is essential to prevent soil collapse and ensure the safety of workers and nearby structures. Common techniques include the use of shoring, bracing, and retaining walls to hold back soil and maintain a safe working environment. These support systems are designed based on factors such as soil type, depth of excavation, and surrounding conditions. Proper excavation support is crucial in construction projects, especially in urban areas where space is limited and the risk of soil movement is higher.