Evolutionary adaptation is the process by which species change over time to better survive and reproduce in their environments. These changes can occur through variations in physical traits, behaviors, or physiological processes. For example, the peppered moth evolved darker coloration during the Industrial Revolution to blend in with soot-covered trees, making it harder for predators to spot them. Adaptations can be classified as structural, behavioral, or physiological. Structural adaptations involve physical features, like the long neck of a giraffe that helps it reach high leaves. Behavioral adaptations include changes in how animals act, such as birds migrating to warmer climates during winter. These adaptations enhance survival and reproductive success.