The European crayfish, scientifically known as *Astacus astacus*, is a freshwater crustacean native to Europe. It typically inhabits rivers, lakes, and ponds, preferring clean, well-oxygenated waters. This species is characterized by its robust body, large pincers, and a dark green to brown coloration, which helps it blend into its environment. European crayfish are important for their role in aquatic ecosystems, serving as both predator and prey. They feed on a variety of organic materials, including plants, insects, and detritus. However, their populations have been threatened by habitat loss and the introduction of non-native species, such as the signal crayfish.