Euchromatin is a form of chromatin that is less tightly packed than its counterpart, heterochromatin. This loose structure allows for easier access to the DNA, making it more active in terms of gene expression. Euchromatin is typically found in regions of the genome that are actively transcribed into RNA, which is essential for protein production. In contrast to heterochromatin, euchromatin appears lighter under a microscope and is more prevalent in cells that are actively dividing. It plays a crucial role in cellular functions by facilitating the transcription of genes necessary for growth, development, and response to environmental changes.