Ethanol production is the process of converting biomass, such as corn or sugarcane, into ethanol, a type of alcohol used as a renewable fuel. The process typically involves fermentation, where yeast breaks down sugars in the biomass, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide. This ethanol can then be distilled to increase its purity. Once produced, ethanol can be blended with gasoline to create a cleaner-burning fuel, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Many countries, including the United States and Brazil, have invested in ethanol production as part of their efforts to promote sustainable energy sources and decrease reliance on fossil fuels.