Error codes are standardized messages that indicate a problem or malfunction in a system, device, or software. They help users and technicians quickly identify issues without needing to describe the problem in detail. Each code corresponds to a specific error, making troubleshooting more efficient. For example, a 404 error code on a website signifies that the requested page could not be found. These codes are often alphanumeric and can vary between different systems or applications. They are commonly used in computer programming, networking, and automotive diagnostics. Understanding error codes can significantly aid in resolving issues and improving overall system performance.