The Erdős Number is a way to describe the "collaborative distance" between a mathematician and the renowned Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős. If a mathematician co-authors a paper with Erdős, they have an Erdős Number of 1. If they co-author with someone who has an Erdős Number of 1, their number is 2, and so on. This concept highlights the interconnectedness of researchers in the field of mathematics. It serves as a fun metric to illustrate collaboration, with many mathematicians striving to achieve a low Erdős Number through joint publications with others in the mathematical community.