Epigenetic modifications refer to changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. These modifications can be influenced by various factors, including environmental conditions, lifestyle choices, and developmental stages. Common types of epigenetic changes include DNA methylation and histone modification, which can either activate or silence specific genes. These modifications play a crucial role in regulating biological processes, such as cell differentiation and response to stress. They can also be passed down through generations, potentially affecting the traits and health of offspring. Understanding epigenetics is important for fields like medicine and genetics, as it offers insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments.