Epidural techniques involve the administration of medication into the epidural space of the spine, primarily to manage pain during childbirth or surgery. This method allows for targeted pain relief while maintaining the ability to remain awake and alert. The procedure typically involves the insertion of a thin catheter through a needle, enabling continuous delivery of anesthetic or analgesic drugs. These techniques are commonly used in obstetrics, particularly during labor, and in various surgical procedures. The benefits include reduced pain and improved comfort, while potential risks may include infection, bleeding, or nerve damage. Overall, epidural techniques are a widely accepted practice in pain management.