An epidural block is a medical procedure used to provide pain relief, often during childbirth or certain surgeries. It involves injecting anesthetic medication into the epidural space, which is the area surrounding the spinal cord. This helps numb the lower part of the body, allowing patients to remain awake and alert while experiencing minimal pain. The procedure is typically performed by an anesthesiologist or a specially trained healthcare provider. Patients may receive an epidural for various reasons, including labor pain management or to alleviate discomfort during procedures like a cesarean section. The effects can last for several hours, depending on the medication used.