Environmental systems refer to the complex interactions between living organisms and their physical surroundings. These systems include various components such as air, water, soil, and ecosystems, which all work together to support life. Understanding these interactions helps scientists and policymakers address issues like climate change and biodiversity loss. Key elements of environmental systems include ecosystems, which are communities of living organisms interacting with their environment, and biogeochemical cycles, which describe the movement of elements like carbon and nitrogen through different parts of the Earth. Studying these systems is essential for sustainable resource management and environmental protection.