An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is a document required by law that outlines the potential effects of a proposed project on the environment. It assesses factors such as air and water quality, wildlife habitats, and community health. The EIS process helps decision-makers understand the environmental consequences before approving projects like highways, factories, or energy developments. The EIS is part of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in the United States, which aims to promote informed decision-making. Public input is often sought during the EIS process, allowing communities to voice concerns and contribute to the evaluation of projects that may affect their environment and quality of life.