Environmental adaptation refers to the process by which organisms adjust to changes in their surroundings to survive and thrive. This can involve physical changes, such as the development of thicker fur in polar bears to withstand cold temperatures, or behavioral changes, like birds migrating to warmer areas during winter. These adaptations can occur over generations through natural selection, where traits that enhance survival become more common in a population. Environmental adaptation is crucial for species to cope with challenges like climate change, habitat loss, and competition for resources, ensuring their continued existence in a dynamic ecosystem.