Enumeration is a mathematical process used to count, list, or organize items in a systematic way. It involves identifying all possible elements in a set and often helps in solving problems related to counting, such as in combinatorics. For example, when determining the number of ways to arrange a group of people or objects, enumeration provides a clear method to find the total. In computer science, enumeration can refer to the process of generating all possible configurations or states of a system. This technique is useful in algorithms, such as those used in searching or optimization, where exploring all options can lead to finding the best solution.