Engineering materials are the substances used to create structures, machines, and other products in engineering. They can be classified into various categories, including metals, polymers, ceramics, and composites, each with unique properties that make them suitable for specific applications. Understanding these materials is crucial for engineers to select the right type for their projects, ensuring safety, durability, and performance. The choice of engineering materials affects not only the functionality of a product but also its cost and environmental impact. For instance, steel is widely used in construction due to its strength, while plastic is favored for its lightweight and corrosion resistance. Advances in materials science continue to lead to the development of innovative materials that enhance engineering capabilities.