An Engine Management System (EMS) is a crucial component in modern vehicles that controls the engine's performance and efficiency. It uses various sensors to monitor parameters like air intake, temperature, and fuel levels. By processing this data, the EMS adjusts fuel injection and ignition timing, ensuring the engine runs smoothly and efficiently while minimizing emissions. The EMS also plays a vital role in diagnostics. It can detect issues within the engine and alert the driver through warning lights on the dashboard. This helps in maintaining the health of the engine and can prevent costly repairs down the line, making it an essential part of automotive technology.