Energy systems encompass the various technologies and processes used to generate, distribute, and consume energy. This includes traditional sources like fossil fuels as well as renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower. The goal of energy systems is to provide reliable and sustainable energy to meet the needs of society while minimizing environmental impact. In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards integrating renewable energy into existing energy systems. Innovations like smart grids allow for better management of energy resources, improving efficiency and reducing waste. As the world moves towards a more sustainable future, understanding energy systems becomes increasingly important.