The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) was enacted in 1975 to address the energy crisis in the United States. It aims to improve energy efficiency and reduce reliance on foreign oil by establishing energy conservation standards for appliances and vehicles. The act also created the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to store emergency oil supplies. Additionally, the EPCA promotes research and development of renewable energy sources and technologies. It has been amended several times to adapt to changing energy needs and environmental concerns, ensuring that the U.S. continues to pursue sustainable energy practices while maintaining energy security.