Enea Silvio Piccolomini, born in 1405, was an Italian humanist, poet, and diplomat. He is best known for becoming Pope Pius II in 1458. His writings, including the famous work Commentaries, reflect his deep interest in classical literature and history, showcasing the Renaissance's emphasis on humanism. As a diplomat, Piccolomini traveled extensively across Europe, engaging with various political leaders. His experiences influenced his literary works and his papacy, where he advocated for a crusade against the Ottoman Empire. His legacy includes contributions to both literature and the Catholic Church's history.