Endgame techniques in chess refer to strategies and methods used when there are fewer pieces left on the board. This phase of the game often requires precise calculation and understanding of basic principles, such as king activity, pawn promotion, and piece coordination. Players aim to convert material advantages into a win or to hold a draw in unfavorable positions. Common endgame techniques include king and pawn endings, where the positioning of the king and pawns is crucial, and rook endings, which often involve creating passed pawns. Mastering these techniques can significantly improve a player's overall performance in chess.