Encryption techniques are methods used to secure information by transforming it into an unreadable format, ensuring that only authorized parties can access the original data. These techniques are essential for protecting sensitive information in various applications, such as online banking and secure communications. There are two main types of encryption: Symmetric Encryption, where the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, and Asymmetric Encryption, which uses a pair of keys (public and private) for secure data exchange. Understanding these techniques is crucial for maintaining privacy and security in the digital age.