Encryption protocols are sets of rules that dictate how data is securely transformed into a format that is unreadable to unauthorized users. These protocols use algorithms to encrypt information, ensuring that only those with the correct decryption key can access the original data. Common examples include SSL/TLS for secure web communications and AES for encrypting files. These protocols are essential for protecting sensitive information, such as passwords and personal data, during transmission over the internet. By implementing strong encryption protocols, organizations can safeguard their data against cyber threats and maintain user privacy in digital communications.