An Emergency Shutdown System (ESS) is a safety mechanism designed to quickly and effectively halt operations in industrial processes during emergencies. These systems are crucial in preventing accidents, protecting equipment, and ensuring the safety of personnel. They can be activated manually or automatically, depending on the situation. Typically found in facilities like oil refineries, chemical plants, and power generation sites, an ESS monitors various parameters such as pressure, temperature, and flow rates. When these parameters exceed safe limits, the system triggers an immediate shutdown, minimizing risks associated with hazardous materials and potential explosions.