The Emergency Price Control Act was enacted in the United States during World War II to prevent inflation and stabilize prices on essential goods and services. This legislation allowed the government to set price ceilings, ensuring that prices did not rise excessively during a time of economic strain. The Act aimed to protect consumers from price gouging and ensure fair access to necessary items. It was part of broader efforts by the government, including the establishment of the Office of Price Administration (OPA), to manage the economy during wartime and maintain public morale.