Elizabeth Loftus is a prominent American cognitive psychologist known for her research on the malleability of human memory. She has conducted extensive studies demonstrating how memories can be altered or distorted by misinformation, leading to false memories. Her work has significant implications for the legal system, particularly in the context of eyewitness testimony. Loftus has authored numerous books and articles, contributing to the understanding of how memories are formed and recalled. Her research has influenced various fields, including psychology, law, and education, highlighting the importance of accurate memory recall in both personal and societal contexts.