Electronic certificates are digital documents that verify the authenticity of a person, organization, or transaction. They are commonly used in online communications to ensure secure data exchange and to confirm identities. These certificates are issued by trusted entities known as Certificate Authorities (CAs), which validate the information before issuing the certificate. These certificates play a crucial role in online security, particularly in SSL/TLS protocols that protect websites. By encrypting data transmitted over the internet, electronic certificates help prevent unauthorized access and ensure that users are communicating with legitimate entities.