Electrochemical cells are devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions. They consist of two electrodes, the anode and cathode, immersed in an electrolyte solution. At the anode, oxidation occurs, releasing electrons, while at the cathode, reduction takes place, consuming those electrons. This flow of electrons generates an electric current. There are two main types of electrochemical cells: galvanic cells, which produce electricity spontaneously, and electrolytic cells, which require an external power source to drive the reaction. These cells are essential in various applications, including batteries, fuel cells, and electroplating, making them vital for modern technology.