Electrical circuits are pathways that allow electric current to flow, enabling the operation of various electronic devices. They consist of components such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors, which work together to control the flow of electricity. Understanding these circuits is essential for designing and troubleshooting electronic systems. In a basic circuit, a power source, like a battery, provides the energy needed for current to flow. The arrangement of components determines how the electricity is used, whether for lighting a bulb or powering a motor. Mastering the principles of electrical circuits is fundamental for anyone interested in electronics or electrical engineering.