Electric locomotives are trains powered by electricity, typically supplied through overhead wires or an electrified rail. They are known for their efficiency, speed, and lower emissions compared to diesel locomotives. Electric locomotives are commonly used in urban transit systems and long-distance rail services, making them a popular choice for modern rail networks. These locomotives use electric motors to drive the wheels, allowing for smooth acceleration and braking. They can also handle heavy loads, making them suitable for freight transport. Many countries, including Germany and Japan, have invested in electric locomotive technology to enhance their rail systems and reduce environmental impact.